Travel Guide:
Kuala Terengganu: A Jewel on Malaysia’s East Coast
The Terengganu Inscription Stone. The Jawi alphabet inscriptions are of local laws influenced by Sharia and thus one of the earliest proof of Islamic influence in Malaysia
Introduction
Terengganu is recognized as the first state in the Malay world to embrace Islamic teachings, as evidenced by the Terengganu Inscribed Stone discovered in Kuala Berang, Hulu Terengganu. The stone is dated between 702 and 789 AH (1303 to 1387 AD).
During the era of the Melaka Sultanate, Terengganu was a protectorate but gained independence following the rise of the Johor Sultanate. It became a fully sovereign kingdom in 1724 AD.
In the 19th century, Terengganu came under the influence of the Siamese Rattanakosin Kingdom, establishing a relationship that required the annual presentation of gold as tribute. However, under the Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909, the territory was ceded to Great Britain.
In 1838, Abdullah Munshi observed a goat being sold for 1 ringgit.
History
Evidence suggests that human activity may have existed in Terengganu as early as 16,000 years ago during the Paleolithic era. This is supported by the 2009 discovery of a skeleton in Gua Bewah, Hulu Terengganu. Known as Bewah Man (Malay: Orang Bewah), the skeleton was determined to be 5,000 years older than those found in Perak, making it the oldest known modern human skeleton in Malaysia.
Terengganu’s strategic location along the South China Sea placed it on ancient trade routes. Ptolemy’s 2nd-century atlas, Geography, refers to the region now known as Terengganu as either Perimula, Kole Polis, or Tharra. The earliest written accounts mentioning the name “Terengganu” were recorded by Chinese merchants and seafarers in the early 6th century AD.
During the early Hindu–Buddhist period, Terengganu was known as Tan-Tan, centered around present-day Kuala Telemong. It was a minor polity influenced by Langkasuka, a powerful kingdom thought to be based in either Kedah or Patani during the 1st century AD. By the 7th century, Langkasuka’s influence was replaced by the Srivijaya Kingdom. Under Srivijaya’s rule, Terengganu engaged in extensive trade with other regions, including the Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Sumatra, Champa, the Khmer Empire, the Majapahit Empire, and especially China.
A Mao Kun map from Wubei Zhi which comes from the 15th century navigation maps of Zheng He showing Trengganu at the top left.
A map of Malaysia with the state of Terengganu shown in red.
Daily Lifestyle
Life in Kuala Terengganu is a harmonious blend of tradition and modernity, offering visitors a glimpse into the authentic Malay lifestyle. Early mornings begin with a visit to the pasar pagi (morning markets), where locals bustle about selecting fresh seafood, vibrant tropical fruits, and traditional herbs. These markets are more than just places of trade; they serve as communal hubs where residents exchange stories and laughter. As the day progresses, artisans can be seen crafting intricate batik patterns or weaving traditional mats, showcasing the city’s enduring dedication to its cultural heritage. Kampung Cina (Chinatown) is a focal point of daily activity, combining heritage shophouses with contemporary cafes and street art, making it a favorite spot for both locals and tourists. Evenings in Kuala Terengganu are often spent along the scenic Terengganu River, where families gather for leisurely strolls or enjoy local delicacies from waterfront hawker stalls. The outskirts of the city offer a slower pace, with idyllic villages where traditions like kite-making and boat-building are kept alive. Community spirit thrives here, with open-door hospitality that welcomes visitors to experience life as it’s lived by the locals. The gentle rhythm of life in Kuala Terengganu is a testament to its people’s strong ties to their heritage, balanced with the conveniences of the modern world.
Kuala Terengganu Drawbridge
The Kuala Terengganu Drawbridge, a modern engineering marvel, stands as a prominent landmark in the city. Officially opened in 2019, the bridge connects the city’s mainland to the island of Seberang Takir, crossing the Terengganu River. This unique structure is the first of its kind in Malaysia, featuring a bascule design with twin towers that rise to allow ships to pass underneath, a rare and fascinating sight in the region.
The Kuala Terengganu Drawbridge is a unique, modern bridge that raises to allow ships to pass.
The Crystal Mosque in Kuala Terengganu is a stunning blend of modern architecture and Islamic design, with shimmering glass and steel structures.
Religion
Islam is the heart and soul of life in Kuala Terengganu, shaping its culture, architecture, and daily practices. The city is home to some of Malaysia’s most stunning mosques, such as the Crystal Mosque, a masterpiece of glass and steel that glimmers on Wan Man Island. Equally mesmerizing is the Floating Mosque, or Tengku Tengah Zaharah Mosque, which appears to hover gracefully above the water. These architectural marvels are not just places of worship but also symbols of artistic and spiritual devotion. Daily life in Terengganu revolves around the call to prayer, with mosques serving as community centers for education and social gatherings. Islamic festivals such as Hari Raya Aidilfitri and Hari Raya Haji are celebrated with heartfelt enthusiasm, marked by communal prayers, feasts, and acts of charity. The region’s adherence to Islamic values is evident in its emphasis on modesty, hospitality, and respect for others. Visitors can gain a deeper understanding of Terengganu’s spiritual fabric by participating in cultural programs or simply observing the harmonious coexistence of faith and tradition in everyday life. While Islam is the predominant religion, the city’s religious tolerance is evident in the presence of temples and churches, reflecting a broader Malaysian ethos of unity in diversity.
Biodiversity
Kuala Terengganu is a treasure trove of biodiversity, offering an unparalleled connection to nature for eco-tourists and conservation enthusiasts alike. The region’s natural beauty is showcased in its pristine beaches, lush rainforests, and thriving marine ecosystems. Pulau Redang and Pulau Perhentian, located off the coast, are among the world’s top island destinations, celebrated for their crystal-clear waters, vibrant coral reefs, and diverse marine life. These islands attract snorkelers and divers eager to witness turtles, reef sharks, and a kaleidoscope of tropical fish in their natural habitats. Back on the mainland, the Setiu Wetlands stand as a testament to Terengganu’s commitment to conservation. This unique ecosystem of mangroves, rivers, and lagoons provides a sanctuary for migratory birds, crabs, and endangered species like the painted terrapin. The region’s forests are home to exotic wildlife, including hornbills and macaques, making it a haven for birdwatchers and adventurers. Guided eco-tours offer visitors the chance to explore these habitats responsibly, ensuring their preservation for future generations. Whether it’s hiking through dense jungles, cruising through serene mangroves, or simply marveling at a breathtaking sunset over the South China Sea, Kuala Terengganu’s biodiversity promises an unforgettable journey into the wonders of nature.
Snorkeling in Pulau Redang offers vibrant coral reefs and crystal-clear waters, perfect for exploring marine life.
Food
Kuala Terengganu’s culinary scene is a delightful journey into the heart of Malay gastronomy, where traditional recipes and fresh ingredients create unforgettable flavors. At the core of local cuisine is nasi dagang, a fragrant rice dish steamed with coconut milk and served with rich fish curry, a staple for breakfast and special occasions. Keropok lekor, a savory fish snack, is another favorite, often enjoyed with a spicy dipping sauce. The city’s markets and food stalls are treasure troves of traditional treats, from laksam, flat rice noodles in a creamy fish gravy, to satar, grilled fish parcels wrapped in banana leaves. Sweet lovers will revel in desserts like kuih seri muka, a layered glutinous rice cake, and akok, a caramelized egg-based snack.
Events and Holidays
Kuala Terengganu buzzes with vibrant events and celebrations throughout the year, showcasing its rich culture and history. The annual Sultan’s Birthday features parades, cultural performances, and community activities that highlight Terengganu’s unity. The Terengganu International Squid Jigging Festival celebrates maritime heritage with traditional fishing and festivities. Religious events like Hari Raya Aidilfitri and Haji bring together families for prayers and feasts, while Chinese New Year lights up Kampung Cina with lion dances and lanterns. Cultural and art exhibitions, including batik and traditional dances, offer insights into Terengganu’s creative spirit, making visits here an enriching experience.
Top Attractions
1. Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin Bridge
2. Redang Island
3. Perhentian Islands
4. Taman Negara Terengganu
5. Crystal Mosque
6. Terengganu State Museum
7. Dungun Beach
8. Kuala Terengganu Waterfront
9. Kenyir Lake
10. Batu Rakit Beach
11. Pulau Kapas
12. Penarik Beach
13. Tasik Kenyir Wildlife Park
14. Lang Tengah Island
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J Suites Hotel Kuala Terengganu
Lot 3762-3763 & Lot 3766, 3769, Jalan Kota Lama,
City Center, 20300 Kuala Terengganu
Chinatown Terengganu – 800m
Terengganu State Museum – 4.5km
Crystal Mosque – 5km
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